The Wildlife Without Borders - Critically Endangered Animals Conservation Fund will fund projects that conserve the worlds most endangered species that currently face a very high risk of extinction. Species should meet the criteria to be categorized as threatened on the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List (including Critically Endangered, Endangered, and Vulnerable). Species listed as Data Deficient on the IUCN Red List are also eligible if the applicant can provide information that suggests a similar urgency for conservation action. Species listed as Extinct in Wild are eligible if the applicant is proposing a reintroduction attempt. The following species are NOT eligible for funding: Species with natural habitat range located within the United States, territories of the United States, Canada, and the high income economies of Europe; Species that are eligible for funding under one of the Multinational Species Conservation Fund programs, including: Asian elephant, African elephant, rhinoceros (all species), tiger (all sub-species), gorilla, chimpanzee, bonobo, orangutan, gibbons (all species) and marine turtles (all species); and Amphibian species that are eligible for funding through the Wildlife Without Borders - Amphibians in Decline program, including frogs, salamanders, and caecilians. The goal of this program is to reduce threats to highly endangered wildlife in their natural habitat. Proposals should identify specific conservation actions that have a high likelihood of creating durable benefits. Project activities that emphasize data collection and status assessment should describe a direct link to management action, and explain how lack of information has been a key limiting factor for management action in the past. Proposals that do not identify how actions will reduce threats, or do not demonstrate a strong link between data collection and management action, have a lower likelihood of being selected. Proposed project work should occur within the species range, or, if work is to be conducted outside of the range, the proposal should show a clear relevance to its conservation. Proposals that emphasize ex-situ conservation and captive management are not eligible for consideration. Proposals that focus on the National Strategy for Combating Wildlife Trafficking are encouraged to apply. Proposals should identify how the species is affected by the illegal trade in wildlife and specific conservation actions that have a high likelihood of creating durable benefits. Proposals have a higher likelihood of being selected that advance one or more of the strategic priorities of the United States National Strategy for Combating Wildlife Trafficking, including (1) strengthening efforts to stop illegal trade in wildlife and to enforce laws prohibiting wildlife trafficking; (2) reducing demand for illegally traded wildlife by dissuading consumers from purchasing illegally traded wildlife; and (3) expanding government and civil support for, and encouraging new partnerships in, the fight against wildlife trafficking.