NIJ seeks research and evaluation applications on the phenomenon of transnational crime issues. Transnational crime issues leverage geopolitical changes, globalization, and the information technology revolution to transcend sovereign borders and impact numerous countries simultaneously. This research will supplement work already underway at NIJ on three separate topics—trafficking in persons, transnational organized crime, and radicalization to violent extremism. The goal of this solicitation is to provide the information and evidence-based practices that State, local, and tribal criminal justice agencies need to secure their communities against transnational crimes. Proposals should develop and analyze information and data that have clear implications for criminal justice in the following focus areas: (1) transnational offenders, (2) similarities and differences between organized crime and violent extremist groups, (3) measurement of transnational organized crime and trafficking in persons, and (4) evaluations of efforts to reduce demand for transnational organized crime and/or trafficking in persons.