The goal of the FY15 VPPSA is to fund projects exploring novel technologies that will contribute to the development of a working visual prosthesis prototype for individuals who have sustained functional or structural enucleation. Examples of enucleation are severe macular degeneration (functional) and traumatic injury (structural). Development of a visual prosthesis addresses the identified CRMRP gap of inadequate vision restoration options for Wounded Warriors, their dependents, and the public. Specifically, the VPPSA supports the exploration of highly innovative, potentially high-gain concepts, theories, paradigms, and/or methods that address an important problem in the development of a visual prosthesis. Results of studies conducted through this award should inform the development pathway for a visual prosthesis prototype. For this award, a visual prosthesis prototype is defined as prototype visual prosthesis that (1) provides the ability to navigate for ambulation, identify faces and objects critical to daily life, and read large print and (2) is economically feasible. Applications to the VPPSA should clearly state how the proposed research provides an innovative solution to a critical problem in the development of a prototype visual prosthesis. The VPPSA seeks applications from investigators from a wide spectrum of disciplines including, but not limited to, basic science, engineering, translational research, and clinical research. In addition, to be considered for funding, applications MUST address at least one of the following VPPSA Focus Areas: â₏¢ Simulation studies to assess stimulation parameters needed for an effective cortical artificial vision device. â₏¢ Studies to demonstrate the efficacy of novel cortical stimulation methodologies (stimulation of non-visual cortex is acceptable for demonstration). â₏¢ Preclinical studies required to obtain a Premarket Approval (PMA) or Investigational New Drug (IND) for components necessary for a cortical interface. â₏¢ Other: Projects focused on other research areas relevant to the development of a cortical visual prosthesis may be submitted for consideration provided that sufficient justification is included in the application. In keeping with the exploratory nature of the award, preliminary data are allowed but not required. However, proposed projects must be based on logical reasoning and sound scientific rationale.