The Defense Sciences Office at the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is soliciting innovative research proposals that will enable and demonstrate new design capabilities for complex adaptive systems. Proposed research should develop and/or exploit innovative approaches in mathematical abstraction and composition for the design of dynamic, adaptive and resilient systems with unified understanding of system structures, behaviors and interactions across multiple spatiotemporal scales. Specifically excluded is research that results in evolutionary improvements to the existing state of practice, such as federated models for military systems, single- or limited-domain network, discrete event or Monte Carlo models, Systems Modeling Language (SySML), or abstraction and composition models with primary application to software and/or electronics.