The objective of the Aircraft Drag Reduction Program will be to mature and transition technologies to reduce the fuel burn of legacy and future fleet aircraft by employing engineered surfaces, materials, and coatings (ESMC). Aircraft drag reduction by means of ESMC may address any element of aircraft drag. This Research and Development (R&D) may include, aircraft drag reduction technologies, especially turbulent boundary layer skin friction drag reduction; evaluating the performance (drag reduction) of the technologies – tests ranging from laboratory testing of ESMC coupons, to wind tunnel testing (small- to large-scale), to flight testing of ESMC technologies; and maturing and transitioning technologies to aircraft, to include qualification testing of new coatings, materials, or surfaces.